The changes that have occurred since the end of the 1970s have generated conflict in the structures of various spheres of social reproduction on a planetary level. Its effects have been manifested in very varied ways, although, at least until the end of the 20th century, they had clearly distinguished between what has been called the developed and the underdeveloped world; where the former still maintained decent living and working conditions for society, while the latter had lost what little the post-war results had generated. Although already so far in the 21st century, as much in one as the other, there have been frontal attacks against societies and in particular against the world of work. Since that time, a French academic, although with a planetary vision, warned about the dangers that this socio-political path could generate. That man, Alain Parguez, was a critical conscience, who already from the legendary u-turn of the F. Mitterand government, warned that the economic theses that the governments were implementing would bring about a loss of the minimum power that the State and the governments had disputed since the bitter experience of the end of World War II.

Part of the orientation and topics published in this issue of www.olafinanciera.unam.mx, number 42, maintain a direct or indirect relationship with the various topics that A. Parguez referred to in his analyses. In addition to this convergence, there is another, and that is that the content of this installment addresses perspectives of some urgent aspects that various Latin American countries face.

Our dear friend Alain Parguez has died, but he continues to accompany us, with the vast legacy of his thought, and which www.olafinanciera.unam.mx has enjoyed with his thoughtful collaborations, in addition he also received the Ifigenia Martínez Merit award, given by Ifigenia, and with the initiative of three women: Alicia Girón, Eugenia Correa and Patricia Rodríguez. The event can be enjoyed at: Video award Ifigenia Martínez to Alain Parguez

In addition, the editorial board has decided to open the doors to topics that necessarily go hand in hand with the field of financial economics, and that support a better understanding of the intricate financialized world. In this issue, a reflection on the scope of the concept, argumentation and updating of A. Gramsci's hegemony is presented.

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